© 2014 Elsevier Ltd.This paper studies a vehicle routing problem with time-dependent and stochastic travel times. In our problem setting, customers have soft time windows. A mathematical model is used in which both efficiency for service as well as reliability for customers are taken into account. Depending on whether service times are included or not, we consider two versions of this problem. Two metaheuristics are built: a Tabu Search and an Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search. We carry out our experiments for well-known problem instances and perform comprehensive analyses on the numerical results in terms of the computational time and the solution quality. Experiments confirm that the proposed procedure is effective to obtain very good solutions to be performed in real-life environment.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2014.08.007Cite as:
@article{Ta__2014,
doi = {10.1016/j.trc.2014.08.007},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.trc.2014.08.007},
year = 2014,
month = {nov},
publisher = {Elsevier {BV}},
volume = {48},
pages = {66--83},
author = {Duygu Ta{c{s}} and Nico Dellaert and Tom van Woensel and Ton de Kok},
title = {The time-dependent vehicle routing problem with soft time windows and stochastic travel times},
journal = {Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies}
}