This article introduces a new algorithm for finding feasible or makespan-optimal solutions of Traveling Salesman Problems with Time Windows (TSPTWs) and Time-Dependent TSPTWs (TDTSPTWs). The algorithm starts from a sequence of visits of the customers involved in the problem, uses …
One of the standard approaches for solving discrete optimization problems which include the aspect of time, such as the traveling salesman problem with time windows or the shortest path problem with time windows is to derive a so-called time-indexed formulation. …
This paper considers an extension of classical distribution problems and introduces the time-dependent fleet size and mix multi-depot vehicle routing problem. This important class of problems finds applications in urban logistics and service design. The solution to this problem impacts …
Motivated by rising concerns regarding global warming and traffic congestion effects, we study the time-dependent green vehicle routing problem with time windows (TDGVRPTW), aiming to minimize carbon emissions. The TDGVRPTW is a variant of the time-dependent vehicle routing problem (TDVRP) …
In recent years, reducing emissions has been important for mitigating global warming and the effects of traffic congestion. As a variant of the green vehicle routing problem (GVRP), the time-dependent GVRP with time windows (TDGVRPTW) accounts for both time-dependent travel …
In developing countries, 40 percent of fresh fruits and vegetables are generally transported through nonrefrigerated vehicles and perishes before use, and wholesalers lose potential profits due to item rot. Here, a wholesaler’s conveyance with fresh goods starts from a depot …
Urban on-demand transportation services are booming in both passenger transportation and the transportation of goods. The types of service differ in timeliness and compensation and, until now, providers operate larger fleets separately for each type of service. While this may …
Logistics enterprises are moving towards high efficiency and green. As an emerging technology, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV, also known as drone) is very useful to cope with flexible and fast delivery. Electric vehicles (EVs), as new energy vehicles, are the …
Many companies that conduct a perishable product delivery face a practical problem when an increasingly congested road setting exists. An inappropriate routing scheme not only leads to higher delivery costs but also results in customers’ dissatisfaction. The previous literature paid …
This paper studies a time-dependent green vehicle routing problem (TDGVRP) with the consideration of traffic congestion. In this work, the objective is to design the vehicle scheduling plan, with the goal of reducing carbon emissions, which has a positive linear …